Public holidays

OFFICIAL HOLIDAYS

New Year holidays and Christmas

Christmas. Russian Christmas comes two weeks later than in other countries, on January 7. This difference is due to the Russian Orthodox Church following the older Julian calendar.
Defender of the Fatherland Day

On 23 February, during the Defender of the Fatherland Day (День защитника Отечества Den zashchitnika Otechestva) Russia honors those who are presently serving in the Armed Forces and those who have served in the past and all the fallen personnel of the Armed Forces. During the era of the Soviet Union, it was called the Red Army Day or the Day of the Soviet Army and Navy (celebrating the day of the first mass draft of the Red Army in Petrograd and Moscow or of the first combat action against the invading German forces in 1918).

International Women's Day

Every 8 March (Восьмое марта Vosmoe marta), the United Nations declares this day as the International Women's Day to celebrate women and the accomplishments they have made to society. Other than in the former Soviet republics and Eastern Europe, it is not celebrated much throughout the world. It is traditional on this holiday to present women with gifts and flowers to express appreciation for their work, love and devotion. It can be regarded as the equivalent of Mother's Day combined with some aspects of Valentine's Day. Thus, nowadays Russian women hardly ever recollect that this holiday originated as a day of rebellion of women struggling for equal rights with men. This day was very special to the Russians in the 1940s.

Spring and Labour Day

In the former Soviet Union, 1 May was International Workers' Day and was celebrated with huge parades in cities like Moscow. Though the celebrations are low-key nowadays, several groups march on that day to protest grievances the workers have. Several communist states (Cuba, North Korea and Vietnam) still hold this day as an official occasion with a military parade and columns of weapons and workers.

Victory Day

May 9th, Russia celebrates the victory over Nazi Germany, while remembering those who died in order to achieve it. On 9 May 1945 (by Moscow time) the German military surrendered to the Soviet Union and the Allies of World War II in Berlin (Karlshorst). A military parade is held in Moscow to celebrate the day. Victory Day (День Победы Den Pobedy) is by far one of the biggest Russian holidays. It commemorates those who died in WWII and pays tribute to survivors and veterans. Flowers and wreaths are laid on wartime graves and special parties and concerts are organized for veterans. In the evening there is a firework display. A huge military parade, hosted by the President of the Russian Federation, is annually organized in Moscow on Red Square. Similar parades are organized in all major Russian cities.

Russia Day

Russia Day (День России Den Rossii) is a holiday, somewhat similar to independence day, celebrated on June 12th. On this day, in 1990, Russian parliament formally declared Russian sovereignty from the USSR (unlike other ex-Soviet republics which declared their priority over the central USSR government or complete state independence[citation needed], Russian independence was less radical, and coexistence of Russian and USSR state power had a place until the end of 1991[citation needed]). The holiday was officially established in 1992. Initially it was named Day of the Adoption of the Declaration of Sovereignty of the Russian Federation, on 1 February 2002 it was officially renamed to Russia Day (in 1998 Boris Yeltsin offered this name socially). There exists a misconception in Russian society, that this holiday is also called Russia Independence Day, but it never had such a name in official documents. According to the survey of Levada Center in May 2009, 44% of the respondents named the holiday as Independence Day of Russia.

Unity Day

Unity Day (День народного единства Den narodnogo edinstva) was first celebrated on November 4, 2005, commemorates the popular uprising led by Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky which ejected the Polish invaders from Moscow in November of 1612, and more generally the end of the Time of Troubles and foreign intervention in Russia. The event was marked by a public holiday which was held in Russia on October 22 (Old Style) from 1649 till 1917. Its name alludes to the idea that all the classes of Russian society willingly united to preserve Russian statehood when its demise seemed inevitable, even though there was neither Tsar nor Patriarch to guide them. Most observers view this as an attempted replacement to counter Communist demonstrations on November 7 holiday, which marked the anniversary of the October Revolution. Recently a film 1612 was made to explain to the Russian audiences the history behind the new holiday. National Unity Day is also known as Consolidation Day (as an alternative translation), which people in Russia celebrate on November 3 - November 4.

 

POPULAR HOLIDAYS WHICH ARE NOT PUBLIC HOLIDAYS

• New Year according to Julian Calendar on January 14
• Tatiana Day on January 25
• Valentine's Day
• Maslenitsa (a week before the Great Lent)
• Easter
• Cosmonautics Day on April 12
• Radio Day on May 7
• Ivan Kupala Day on July 7
• Day of Conception on September 12

MILITARY HOLIDAYS

In the Russian armed forces, the following holidays are celebrated:

• January 21: Day of the Corps of Engineers (Russian: День инженерных войск)
• March 19: Submariner’s Day (Russian: День подводника)
• March 27: Day of the Internal Forces of the MIA of Russia (Russian: День внутренних войск Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации)
• 2nd Sunday of April: Day of the Air Defense Troops (Russian: День войск противовоздушной обороны)
• April 15: Day of the Electronic Warfare Troops (Russian: День специалиста по радиоэлектронной борьбе)
• May 28: Day of the Border Guards (Russian: День пограничника)
• Last Sunday of July: Navy Day (Russian: День Военно-Морского Флота)
• August 1: Day of the Logistics and Rear Services Troops (Russian: День Тыла Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации)
• August 2: Day of the Airborne Troops (Russian: День Воздушно-десантных войск)
• August 6: Day of the Railroad Service Troops (Russian: День Железнодорожных войск)
• August 12: Air Force Day(Russian: День Военно-воздушных сил)
• 2nd Sunday of September: Tanker’s Day (Russian: День танкиста)
• October 1: Ground Forces Day (Russian: День Сухопутных войск)
• October 4: Space Troops Day (Russian: День космических войск)
• October 20: Day of the Signal Troops (Russian: День военного связиста)
• October 24: Special Forces Day (Russian: День подразделений специального назначения)
• November 5: Day of the Military Intelligence Service (Russian: День военного разведчика)
• November 13: Day of NBC Troops (Russian: День войск радиационной, химической и биологической защиты)
• November 19: Day of the Rocket Troops and Artillery Forces (Russian: День ракетных войск и артиллерии)
• December 17: Day of the Strategic Missile Troops (Russian: День Ракетных войск стратегического назначения)